A Social Perspective On Class Society - 1081 Words

Having studied this topic, I understand that historical interpretations on specific areas of class and its meaning are in some ways entwined together ultimately resulting in a societal action. In a class society, the underlying social issues in regards to members of a specific class; the concealed feelings of the lower class in relation to their social standing within society, consequently forms a class consciousness therefore determining a social revolution. Marxism being a conflict theory primarily focuses on class and its meaning within society. Having read historiographies around this topic, it has also compelled me to reflect upon what the theory advocates; why a society that embodies classes will always be inherently unstable due†¦show more content†¦This is a long term process as â€Å"Class, after all, is not only about resistance and struggle; it can be (perhaps is most often) about subordination, suppressed anger, bitten lips† It is evident that the subord inated working class are voiceless for a significant period of time until an action comes into place. It is a build-up of suppressive emotions ultimately leading into a socialist revolt to bring about social change. This psychoanalysis approach adopted by Andy wood proves to be essential as it provides a more detailed and novel insight into how individuals within a class feel as it reveals the hidden anxieties and emotions of individuals whose lives are grounded by exploitation. This psychohistorical approach not only helps to understand the affects that of the existence of class in a given society as well as to highlight how vital it is for there to be a sense of collective identity and meanings amongst masses. The concept of class consciousness can be seen to be directly linked to Marx’s explanation of a social revolution. This reflection is expressed by David Howell who cited E.P Thompson’s historical writing who suggests individuals that shared a common experience within their societal class provided a basis of a united consciousness and collective action. An effective societal action such as a socialist

The Physiological Phenomena During Sex - 923 Words

This paper will explore the physiological phenomena during sex and if it holds to be proven about all creatures. Sigmund Freud invented Psychoanalysis, which is the theory and therapy of treating people who suffer from nervous disorders by researching the unconscious mind that makes us repress or push our urges and desires. From Psychoanalysis, stems Psychosexual development, which believe that from birth humans experience sxual energy going through five stages in their life. This theory could have inspired the two researchers between the late 1950s and early 1960s, William H. Masters and his partner, Virginia E. Johnson. Masters and Johnson deeply investigated the physiological changes a male and female experience during sex and how long†¦show more content†¦Despite of all the data Masters and Johnson collected, Shere Hite was one their criticizer, who strongly believe there was some faults in the information they wrote about females and orgasms. The following questions w ill answer the confusion about sexuality: What is Psychosexuality and how does it impact Masters and Johnson’s work? Does animals prove the Human Sexual Response cycle? Does Hite highlight the flaws in the Human Sexual Response? Therefore, Masters and Johnson s human sexual cycle is accurate because it efficiently sorts the physiological changes for all creatures. Psychosexuality Animals and the human sexual response. In the empirical article, What Can Animal Models Tell Us About Human Sexual Response? eas done by James G Pfaus, Tod E. Kippin, Genaro Coria-Avila explains the Human Sexual Response done by sex researchers, William Masters and Virginia Johnson. The Human Sexual Response is a four stage model that has to do with physiological responses of sexual stimulation. The question the focuses on was what can animal models tell us about human sexual response and the hypothesis they focus on to examine how it causes desire and how sexual stimulation. 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Challenges of Counseling Survivors of Abuse

Question: Discuss about the Challenges of Counseling Survivors of Abuse. Answer: Introduction Counseling therapy is one of the most relevant mental health therapy used in the treatment of survivors of abuse. The counseling therapy helps to enhance the self-respect of the victim through the enhancement of patients self-esteem. It is done by the establishment of therapeutic relationship with the patient and promoting the positive thought process of the victim, while hindering the negative thoughts (Ivey et al. 2013). There are different types of abuse happening in the society, the most common forms of abuse include the domestic violence, child abuse, sexual and psychological abuse. The domestic abuse is one of the challenges in the modern society. Researchers are attempting to explore new windows for dealing with the survivors of domestic abuse (Gladding 2012). In this context, domestic abuse has been taken significant recognition as a successful intervention for dealing with the survivors of the domestic abuse and achieved significant success. There a number of studies, that e xplained the ways by which the counselor facilitated the recovery from domestic abuse within a secure and supportive therapeutic relationship (Dal Santo et al. 2014). The domestic abuse includes any kind of abuse that is performed within the family. Here, the focus of the discussion would be the challenges of counselor survivors of the domestic abuse and the implication of it for mental health practice. Discussion Domestic abuse and domestic violence is one of the most significant issues in modern society, which has become a burden of the modern society. Domestic abuse is usually seen mostly in women and children (Kane et al. 2014). Statically, it has been shown that thousands of children are abused physically, sexually or mentally by their parent or some other family members. Child abuse can be defined as the action of a carer, which can significantly harm a childs mental or physical health. When the children are abused by their family members, it is considered as the domestic abuse. The survivor of childhood sexual or psychological abuse by a domestic member faces issues in their relationships, but there are support and help available for the victims. One of such support is individual counseling, which can assist the victims to address issues of trust and anger that might resurfaced in further life (Dal Santo et al. 2014). Another type of child abuse include witnessing abusive action upon their carers, mostly mothers, which also affect significantly in their mental, physical as well as emotional development. It is also very common form of domestic abuse; women are mostly abused physically, psychologically or s exually by their intimate partners. Survivors often experience frequent mental illness and lack of trust upon anyone. Challenges of Working with Counseling Survivors of Domestic Abuse Counseling is a promising approach to deal with the domestic abuse and related issues, many has shown significant benefit, which restored their normal lifestyle with the reduction of psychological issues. However, there are a number of challenges experienced by the counselor or other professionals to work with the survivors of domestic abuse during the counseling sessions. According to Egbochuku (2009) the low resource settings, where the counselor works, combined with the degree and intensity of contact, have a direct effect upon the counselors in promoting or disintegrating stress. It is very difficult to measure the intensity of the emotions experienced by a counselor in a session, but one can only imagine. Burnout due to the counter-transference is a common phenomenon, experienced by the counselors working with the victims of domestic abuse (Curtis et al. 2013). According to the viewpoint of a colleague counselor who has also and experience of working with the victim Jane, At one point I felt like slapping her, I saw my kid sister in Jane, I longed to beat some sense into her head. Some common challenges experienced by the counselors include the far for clients safety, sense of helplessness and powerlessness. The counselors expressed the feelings of omnipotence, which significantly enhanced the demands and challenges of working with the domestic abuse survivors. Survivors of abuse might impose relational challenges upon the counselor (Kezelman and Stavropoulos 2012). These service users are usually mistrustful, but they often need a trustworthy relationship. Sometimes, counselor finds himself over fascinated by a victims abuse history or sometimes due to some of their personal reasons; they attempt to avoid the discussion of abuse. One common challenge of working with the survivors of the domestic abuse is the limitation of professional boundaries. As the domestic abuse and neglect is based on the violation of trust, it is critical for the counselor to maintain a professional relationship with the implementation of professional boundaries and limitations properly (Francis 2014). Mostly, in the case of domestic abuse, the victims go through severe violations by the family members and they need emotional support. Here, the professionals often cross the professional boundaries. When two people undergo a counseling session for solving an issue, sometimes they forget that they are not friends; rather, they have a business relationship. Often counselors play a rescue role, which is not the job of a counselor. They have only to encourage the client to reach the finish line. Poor boundaries or losses of professional boundaries promote the therapist to feel like the client (Foster et al. 2012). It promotes compassion fa tigue, the service user may feel betrayed, poorly served and abandoned. There would also have increased potential for splitting on teams. Poor boundaries promote the service providers to act unethically. Loose boundaries enhance the chances of dual relationships, as it promotes personal relationship with the client beyond the counseling sessions. Another common pitfall is, if the clients values, relationship, feelings or lifestyle issues conflict with the service providers values or practices. It can reduce the clients self-esteem, if the counselor, in spite of empowering the client, point out clients negative beliefs and perspectives. Another major challenge, which is often done by many counselors, while working with the domestic abuse patients (www.youtube.com 2016). They play the hero role, needing to save the client, which is not the role of the counselor. In theory, it is nice, but it is not the exact role of the counselor. It enhances the expectation of the client that every time she will be rescued by the counselor. Especially, in the case of domestic abuse victims, the reliability and expectation would be high, as the client has a chance of repetitive abuse by the family member (Gladding 2012). Thus, it hinders the recovery of the client through the positive thought process. Vicarious trauma is another challenge, whic h is a trauma symptoms experienced by a service provider, after hearing the clients experiences. It is very hard for the therapist or the counselor to deal with the situation, to maintain the required level of detachment with the client, while empathizing the client. The counselor, when fails to recognize the boundary between supporting the client with his abusive experience and feeling same experience as a victim, it leads to the occurrence of vicarious trauma (Kongstvedt 2012). One common pitfall, often shown, while working with the victims of domestic abuse, is poor teamwork. Teamwork is very important for dealing with the victim of domestic abuse. However, if the counselor thinks that, he or she is the only one who can handle the situation; it might cause miscommunication throughout the team and thereby reducing the patients outcomes. When the client-counselor relationship goes beyond the professional boundaries, the chance of accessing the clients personal information enhances, which violates the ethical considerations (Weisz et al. 2012). Sometimes, too much self-disclosure shifts the focus from the client to the service provider, thereby confusing the client in terms of roles and expectations of the relationship. There are a number of ethical dilemmas experienced by the counselors. It is often inevitable that the victim of domestic abuse is exploited as the only source of information concerning child abuse. One potential negative consequence of mandating a report might be in direct opposition to the wishes of the victim and to empowerment, objectives discussed in the therapy settings (Kaae et al. 2012). Some victims never disclose their abuse during the sessions, many do so as the client-clinician relationship strengthens and a trustworthy bond is formed. The victim, whether she discloses the domestic abuse directly in the counseling session or not, is in a highly vulnerable position. The victim is often taking potentially dangerous steps, as she needs assistance regarding the abusive and coercive relationship (Gladding 2012). Sometimes, clinician inadvertently becomes an authoritarian figure, where the he or she plays the role by directing the victim in an effort to improve the victims life and ensuring safety. In these kinds of situation, the victim can feel as being coercive within a non-egalitarian client-clinician relationship, which is similar to the form of abuse from which the victim wants to be free. Thus, when the domestic abuse is disclosed by a client, the clinician should adhere to mandatory reporting laws and the ethical duty for protecting, which is often opposed by the ethical issues of confidentiality and respect for consumers autonomy (www.youtube.com 2016). From the above discussion, the key challenges experienced by the professionals working with the victims of domestic abuse included transference, which can be referred to the feelings and issues transferred by the client to the counselor through the client-clinician relationship. The other one is countertransference, which is referred to the responses and reactions of the counselor towards the client, which are directed by the background and the personal issues of the counselor (Muskett 2014). It often promotes the counselor to go beyond the objectivity of the counseling session and become overwhelmed. Secondary traumatization has also been highlighted, which is often painful for the counselors, including burnout. Implication of Challenges on Mental Health Practice For avoiding the above discussed challenges, while working with domestic abuse victims, the counselor should establish and maintain a treatment frame, which are required for supporting a professional relationship and they should ensure that the professional relationship should not be confused with the personal relationship. Therefore, the key suggestion for the counselor is to retain the professional boundaries and limitations as much as possible. The counselor should attempt to generate a safe and empowering atmosphere for the service user and should decrease acting out through the practice of grounding techniques (Ivey et al. 2013). These techniques include anchoring or grounding the client, mirroring and proper way of timeout. The counselor should avoid joining in the disruptive behavior of the client in any ways. Another implication for the mental health practitioners is avoiding the role of rescuer (Kezelman and Stavropoulos 2012). The counselor in such critical situation should use his own strong viewpoints in an environment, which is entirely different from the client-counselor relationship, which can help the counselor not to confuse their own issues with the client. Another suggestion for the professionals is to recognize their professional boundaries properly. If it has been seen that, the counselor is not compatible with a client, then with the consent of the client, another counselor should take his responsibilities (Ivey et al. 2013). In addition to the counselor, the mental health agency should also fulfill their responsibility to support the counselor. According to the Consensus Panel, the agency should provide the counselor, a sense of mission to work with the domestic abuse patients. The agency should provide trauma training to the counselor regarding the proper ways of handling trauma cases. The supporting staff members should also be aware of the professional limitations, thereby ensuring their responsibilities not leading to burnout (Francis 2014). The agency should also allow the counselors with unstructured time, when they would be able to talk to each other and transfer support. Conclusion In the discussion paper, the focus was the challenges faced by the professionals, who are working with the domestic abuse victims. The previous literatures identified different types of domestic abuse and the impact of counseling sessions on their recovery. Different significant challenges and issues were identified, which are experienced by the professionals, which are affecting them significantly. The discussion paper also included the implications for the mental health professionals as well as mental health agencies regarding the ways by which they can handle these challenges potentially. Reference List Curtis, R., Thompson, H., Juhnke, G.A. and Frick, M.H., 2013. Treatment Fit: A Description and Demonstration via Video of a Brief and Functional Treatment Fit Model. The Professional Counselor, p.141. Dal Santo, L., Pohl, S., Saiani, L. and Battistelli, A., 2014. Empathy in the emotional interactions with patients. Is it positive for nurses too?. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 4(2), p.74. Egbochuku, E.O., 2009. Counselling Communication Skills: Its Place In The Training Programme Of A Counselling Psychologist. Edo Journal of Counselling, 1(1), pp.16-32. Foster, K., O'Brien, L. and Korhonen, T., 2012. Developing resilient children and families when parents have mental illness: A familyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ focused approach.International journal of mental health nursing, 21(1), pp.3-11. Francis, A., 2014. Strengths-based assessments and recovery in mental health: reflections from practice. International Journal of Social Work and Human Services Practice, 2, pp.264-271. Gladding, S.T., 2012. Counseling: A comprehensive profession. Pearson Higher Ed. Gladding, S.T., 2012. Counseling: A comprehensive profession. Pearson Higher Ed. Ivey, A.E., Ivey, M. and Zalaquett, C.P., 2013. Intentional interviewing and counseling: Facilitating client development in a multicultural society. Nelson Education. Kaae, S., Traulsen, J.M. and Nrgaard, L.S., 2012. Challenges to counseling customers at the pharmacy counterWhy do they exist?. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 8(3), pp.253-257. Kane, G.M., Snowden, A. and Martin, C.R., 2014. Empathy in mental health nursing: learned, acquired or lost?. British Journal of Mental Health Nursing. 2(1), 28-36 Kezelman, C. and Stavropoulos, P., 2012. Practice guidelines for treatment of complex trauma and trauma informed care and service delivery. Australian Government Department of Health and Aging. Kongstvedt, P.R., 2012. Essentials of managed health care. Jones Bartlett Publishers. Muskett, C., 2014. Traumaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ informed care in inpatient mental health settings: A review of the literature. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing,23(1), pp.51-59. Weisz, J.R., Chorpita, B.F., Palinkas, L.A., Schoenwald, S.K., Miranda, J., Bearman, S.K., Daleiden, E.L., Ugueto, A.M., Ho, A., Martin, J. and Gray, J., 2012. Testing standard and modular designs for psychotherapy treating depression, anxiety, and conduct problems in youth: A randomized effectiveness trial. Archives of general psychiatry, 69(3), pp.274-282. www.youtube.com, 2016. Ethics And Boundary Issues in Counseling--CEUs for LPC, LMHC, LCSW. [online] YouTube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lxp7YqJ7n5Qfeature=youtu.be [Accessed 5 Sep. 2016].

Internal and External Analysis of Xiaomi free essay sample

China is without a doubt one of the strongest manufacturers in the world. This is due to cheap labor and due to the technology built over time. Xiaomi is a company from Beijing in China which manufactures Smartphones. Its Mi and Redmi range of smartphones are famous and well adapted to the market. SWOT analysis is a vital strategic planning tool that can be used by Xiaomi managers to do a situational analysis of the organization. It is an important technique to understand the present Strengths (S), Weakness (W), Opportunities (O) Threats (T) Xiaomi is facing in its current business environment. The SWOT Analysis framework helps an organization to identify the internal strategic factors such as -strengths and weaknesses, external strategic factors such as opportunities and threats. It leads to a 2X2 matrix – also known as SWOT Matrix. The main purpose of SWOT matrix is to identify the strategies that an organization can use to exploit external opportunities, counter threats, and build on protect Xiaomi strengths, and eradicate its weaknesses. We will write a custom essay sample on Internal and External Analysis of Xiaomi or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL ANALYSIS OF XIAOMI by using SWOT ANALYSIS: STRENGHTS:As one of the leading organizations in its industry, Xiaomi has numerous strengths that enable it to thrive in the market place. These strengths not only help it to protect the market share in existing markets but also help in penetrating new markets. Based on Fern Fort University extensive research – some of the strengths of Xiaomi are –†¢ Successful track record of developing new products – product innovation. †¢ Highly successful at Go To Market strategies for its products.†¢ Strong Free Cash Flow – Xiaomi has strong free cash flows that provide resources in the hand of the company to expand into new projects.†¢ Highly skilled workforce through successful training and learning programs. Xiaomi is investing huge resources in training and development of its employees resulting in a workforce that is not only highly skilled but also motivated to achieve more.